学术
摘 要:
女真语的复数后缀根据其语音形式可以分作两类，一类属于音节式的-sa／-s／-si；一类属于辅音式的-L／-r。与女真语-sa／-s 同属一类的有满洲语-sa／-s ／-so，-so不见于现存女真大字石刻中。满洲语的-si与女真语的-si相对应，满洲语的-ta／-t ，在现存女真大字石刻中尚未出现。女真语的名词共有10个格，其中主格除在从句以外，其他场合皆以零形式出现，这一点与满洲语相同。主格以外的九个格皆用专门的表音字予以表示，多数格后缀具有和谐变体。这些具有和谐变体的格后缀，一部分在满洲语中已经消失了；一部分简化为无和谐变体的单一形式。相反，满洲语中的源自实词或后置词的次生格后缀，在女真语中没有对应形式。一个共同的特点是，女真——满洲系统的语言中，没有表示和同格的语法后缀。[著者文摘]
文章出处:
《满语研究》-2006年2期 -5-14页
分 类 号:
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1000-7873（2006）02-0005-10
相关文章:
On the Relations of Manchu and Jurchen Language from the View of Similarities and Differences in Suffixes of Plural Nouns and Cases
AIXINJUELUO Ulaxichun （ Asia Pacific University, Limingguan, Japan）
Abstract:
According to pronunciation form in Jurchen language, the suffix of plural noun can be divided into two types： one is syllable type, - sa/- s/si ; the other is consonant type, - 1/- r. There are - sa/- s / - so in Manchu which belongs to the syllable type of Jurchen, but - so can not be found in the exiting stone of Jurchen big characters. The - si of Manchu corresponds with the - si in Jurchen, however, the - ta/- t of Manchu has not appeared in the exiting stone of Jurchen big characters. There are 10 cases of noun altogether in Jurchen, among them the subject case only appears in subordinate clause, which is the same with Manchu. The other nine cases are expressed with special pronounce characters, and most case suffixes have harmony varieties. Parts of these varieties have disappeared in Manchu, and parts of them have been simplified a single form without harmony. On the contrary, the sub - case suffixes originated from notional and postposition words in Manchu have no correspondences in Jurchen. A common characteristic is that there is no grammar suffix showing and/with case in Manchu-Jurchen language system.[著者文摘]
Key words:
Manchu ; Jurchen language ; plural suffix; case suffix; comparative research
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