学术
摘 要:
目的描述我国主要的大气污染物（TSP、SO2、NOx）与儿童肺功能各指标[儿童用力肺活量（FVC）、1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、最大呼气中段流速（MMEF）]的相关关系。方法收集整理国内1985—2006年1月公开发表的关于大气污染与儿童肺功能研究的文献,选择研究人群中包括7～15岁儿童,报告了当地大气质量的监测结果,肺功能测定过程采取了严格质量控制措施,并且结果以实测值均数表示的文献共11篇,分析我国城市主要大气污染物浓度与儿童FVC和FEV1的相关关系,并分别比较对男女儿童的影响。结果最终入选的文献涉及我国7个城市的研究结果,其中,6个城市的研究发现大气污染严重的地区儿童的肺功能指标低于污染较轻的地区,且差异有统计学意义。上述研究中,大气中TSP平均浓度范围为0.084～0.835mg/m^3;SO2为0.013～0.929mg/m^3;NOx为0.044～0.229mg/m^3。相关分析发现研究地区大气的TSP和SO2浓度与儿童FVC和FEV1,NOx浓度与儿童的MMEF呈显著的负相关关系。儿童FVC与TSP浓度和SO2浓度的对数的相关系数分别为-0.797（t=-4.384,P=0.001）和-0.693（t=-4.190,P〈0.001）;儿童FEV1与TSP浓度和SO2浓度的对数的相关系数分别为-0.886（t=-5.392,P=0.001）和-0.685（t=-4.101,P=0.001）;儿童MMEF与NOx浓度的相关系数为-0.973（t=-5.993,P=0.027）。分析还发现,随着大气TSP或SO2浓度的升高,女童FVC和FEV1的降低比男童多。结论我国大气中TSP和SO2浓度能造成儿童大气道功能的下降,NOx浓度则主要影响儿童的小气道功能;与男童相比,女童肺功能更易受到大气污染物的影响。[著者文摘]
文章出处:
《环境与健康杂志》-2007年24卷7期 -471-476页
栏目信息:
分 类 号:
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1001-5914（2007）07-0471-06
Relationship between Air Pollution and Child Pulmonary Function in China
LIU Ling, ZHA NG Jin-liang.（ Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:
Objective To describe the relationship between ambient air pollutants（TSP, SO2, NOx） and the level of children＇ s lung function （FVC, FEV1, MMEF） in China. Methods The papers on ambient air pollution and children lung function published from 1985 to 2006 were collected and 11 of them were selected according to the following criteria： children aged 7-15; local air quality monitoring results were reported; strict quality control were taken when testing children lung function; the results were expressed by the average of measure. Results The selected papers included the results of 7 cities in China. Among them, the result of 6 cities showed that the levels of children lung function were significantly lower in the heavy air pollution areas compared with that in the light pollution areas. According to the papers, the average levels of ambient air TSP were in the range of 0.084 mg/m^3- 0.835 mg/m3, SO2（cSO2） were 0.013 mg/m^3-0.929 mg/m^3, NO, were 0.044 mg/m^3-0.229 mg/m^3, there was a significant negative correlation between the levels of TSP and SO2 and children FVC and FEV1, as well as the levels of NO, and children MMEF, the correlation coefficients were as follows, -0.797（t=-4.384, P=0.001） between TSP and FVC, -0.693 （t=-4.190, P〈0.024） between lncs SO2 and FVC, -0.886（t=-5.392, P=0.001） and -0.685（t= -4.101, P=0.001） between FEV1 and TSP and lncsSO2, and -0.973（t=-5.993, P=0.027） between NOx and MMEF. The results also suggested that the lung function damage in girls was more serious than in boys with the ambient air pollutants increasing. Conclusion The level of ambient air TSP and SO2 is correlated with the damage of the main airway function of children, while NO, may affect the small airway function chiefly. Furthermore, the lung function of girl is more susceptible to the ambient air pollutants.[著者文摘]
Key words:
Air pollution; Children; Lung function
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