学术
喜马拉雅山脉西段纳木那尼冰川正在强烈萎缩
姚檀栋[1,2] 蒲健辰[1,2] 田立德[1,2] 杨威[1] 段克勤[1,2] 叶庆华[1,2] Lonnie G．Thompson[3]
[1]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100085 [2]中国科学院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]Byrd Polar Research Center,the Ohio State University,Columbus,OH 43210,USA
摘 要:
2004年和2006年对青藏高原西南部野外考察结果表明,喜马拉雅山脉西段的纳木那尼冰川正在强烈萎缩.在过去几十年内,许多支冰川已经和纳木那尼主冰川分离,冰川末端形成大量不连续的冰塔林,冰川末端在1976—2006年平均退缩速度为5 m.a-1左右,2004—2006年后退速度达到7.8m.a-1,表现出近期加速后退态势.考察发现,冰川表面由于强烈消融而形成数量众多的融化坑,冰川表面强烈减薄,2004—2006年期间冰川冰舌段海拔5 800 m处冰体厚度减薄率为1.42 m·a^-1,在海拔6 050 m冰川大平台处为0.67 m·a^-1.冰川物质损耗严重,利用现有花杆资料计算2004—2006年年均冰川物质平衡为-685 mm水当量.邻近纳木那尼冰川的普兰县气象站观测资料表明,近30 a来气温呈快速上升趋势,而降水量急剧减少,气候暖干是造成纳木那尼冰川强烈亏损的主要原因.如果近期气候暖干态势持续加剧,必然导致该区冰川更加强烈的物质损耗,冰川萎缩速度将进一步加快.[著者文摘]
文章出处:
《冰川冻土》-2007年29卷4期 -503-508页
栏目信息:
分 类 号:
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1000-0240（2007）04-0503-06
Recent Rapid Retreat of the Naimona＇nyi Glacier in Southwestern Tibetan Plateau
YAO Tan-dong, PU Jian-chen, TIAN Li-de, YANG Wei , DUAN Ke-qin , YE Qing-hua , Lonnie G. Thompsona （1. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730000, China; 3. Byrd Polar Research Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA）
Abstract:
The Naimona＇nyi Glacier, which is located on the southwestern Tibetan Plateau, has experienced rapid retreat in the past 30 years and showed an accelerating recession in the recent years, according to the glaciological field survey from 2004 to 2006. Several branches of the Naimona＇ nyi Glacier separated from the main body, which means obvious retreat. The mean retreat rate was 5.5 m · a^-1 in the past 30 years and 7.7 m · a^-1 from 2004 to 2006, which indicates an accelerating glacier recession recently. The mean annual mass balance was -658 mm w. e. q. and the surface elevation decreased 1.35 m at 6 050 m a. s. 1 and 2.85 m at 4 800 m a. s. 1 due to strong surface ablation from 2004 to 2006. Moreover, meteorological station record of Burang indicates that the annual mean temperature has a dramatic increase since 1999, while annual precipitation has obviously decreased in the past 33 years. In a warming and arid climatic situation, mass deficits are inevitability. More rapid glacial retreat would be expected if the climate warming and arid condition continue. This will seriously affect water resources and lead to serious social consequences. More attention should be paid to the behavior of the Himalayan glaciers.[著者文摘]
Key words:
Naimona＇nyi Glacier ; mass balance; glacier retreat
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目（2005CB422004）;国家自然科学基金项目（40121101）资助 对2004年和2006年两次野外考察期间全体考察队员的帮助,表示感谢.
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