摘 要:
英国哥特式小说的“哥特式”有着极其丰富的社会历史内涵，涉及历史上的“哥特”身份和英国哥特式复兴。“哥特”本是欧洲“后古典文明时期”一个未开化的民族，长期作为“罗马文明”的对立面留存于史册，并与“黑暗”、“野蛮”、“愚昧”等负面修饰词画上了等号。到了17、18世纪，随着英国错综复杂的社会演变，“哥特式”的含义发生了戏剧性变化，这种变化标志着英国已经开始发生一场以反对启蒙主义的理性观念为核心的社会复兴。这场社会复兴，不但政治色彩浓厚，而且历时较长、涵盖面广。正是这场以“哥特式”命名的社会复兴，孕育了英国第一部哥特式小说《奥特兰托城堡》。当年霍勒斯·沃波尔所加载的“哥特式”符号具有颠覆性，不仅颠覆了历史上长期留存的“哥特式”固有观念，而且颠覆了早期现实主义小说的创作原则。而这一切又归结于他毕生有意无意为之奋斗的信念：反对启蒙主义的理性观念。[著者文摘]
文章出处:
《外国文学研究》-2008年30卷1期 -108-118页
栏目信息:
The ＂Goths＂ Identity and the Gothic Revival： An Interpretation of the ＂ Gothic＂ in the British Gothic Fiction
Huang Lushan（ English professor and Chair of the Research Center for Foreign Popular Literature at Shanghai University （Shanghai 200444, China）.
Abstract:
For the British Gothic Fiction, the term ＂Gothic＂ has a very complicated connotation, chiefly associated with the ＂Goths＂ identity and the English Gothic Revival in history. Originally, the ＂Goths＂ was a barbarian tribe in the period of the Late Antiquity, which, as an opposition to the Roman civilization, symbolized ＂dark,＂ ＂savage＂ and ＂ignorance. ＂ But, up to the 17th and 18th centuries, these negative meanings began to shift dramatically. And it marked the inception of the English Gothic Revival. Focusing on the defiance of the reason of the Enlightenment Age, the revival not only caught a political color but also influenced such areas as literature, painting, sculpture and architecture. And it also brought up the first British Gothic novel The Castle of Otranto. The word ＂Gothic＂ added by Horace Walpole when the book was reprinted was subversive, assuming its new meanings of ＂vigorous,＂ ＂bold,＂ ＂heroic＂ and ＂ancient,＂ and challenging the creative principles of early realist writers. And all this owed to his lifetime belief in opposition to the reason.[著者文摘]
Key words:
Goths Gothic Gothic Revival Gothic fiction
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