学术
春节期间燃放烟花爆竹对西安市大气主要污染物质量浓度的影响
王繁强[1,2] 蔡新玲[1] 周阿舒[3]
[1]陕西省气候中心,西安710015 [2]陕西省气象科学研究所,西安710015 [3]陕西省气象局后勤服务中心,西安710015
摘 要:
使用2002-2007年西安市环境监测站监测的5个功能区PM90、SO2和NO2污染物日平均质量浓度和2006年、2007年时平均质量浓度资料，分析了春节期间西安城区及郊区主要污染物近地面质量浓度的时空变化特征。结果显示：6年的PM10、SO2和NO2的春节期全市日平均质量浓度的平均值分别为0．2172mg/m^3、00678mg／m^3和0．0417mg/m^3，比春节前偏高54．3％、35.8％和14．5％，比春节后偏高73．6％、21．6％和37.8％；城区小寨PM10和SO2日平均质量浓度最大值分别达0．375mg/m^3和0．303mg/m^3；PM10时平均质量浓度最大值出现在郊区的草滩，高达0．759mg／m^3，SO2时平均质量浓度最大值出现在城区人口稠密的聚居区小寨，高达0．343mg／m^3。表明烟花爆竹燃放可导致近地面空气中PM10、SO2和NO2质量浓度上升，郊区的PM10上升最为显著，而城区PM10和SO2质量浓度上升均较为明碌；且烟花爆竹燃放对近地面污染物质量浓度的短时贡献可大大超出现有污染源的贡献，造成严重的大气污染。因此，春节期间有必要限制西安市烟花爆竹的燃放。[著者文摘]
文章出处:
《安全与环境学报》-2008年8卷1期 -82-86页
栏目信息:
分 类 号:
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1009-6094（2008）01-0082-05
Effect of firecracker setting-off on the PM10 and SO2 and NO2 in Xi＇an
WANG Fan-qiang, CAI Xin-ling, ZH0U A-shu （ 1 Shaanxi Climate Center, Xi＇ an 710015. China; 2 Shaanxi Meteo-rological Administration, Xi＇an 710015, China; 3 Shaanxi Meteoro-logical Center for Logistics, Xi＇ an 710015, China）
Abstract:
The present paper has made a detailed analysis of the data of PM10, SO2 and NO2, the effects of setting off fireworks in Xi＇ an during the Spring Festival season in 2002 - 2007, which are offered by some of Xi＇an environment observation stations. The results show that the fireworks firing created an extremely high concentration of PM10 and SO2 in a short period, with the actual PM10 maximum mass concentration rising up to 0.759 mg/m3 hourly in the suburban district of Caotan, and the SO2 hourly maximum mass concentration up to 0.343 mg/m3 in the downtown District of Xiaozhai. At the same time, the data of PM10 and SO2 daily maximum mass concentration rose to 0. 375 mg/m3 and 0. 303 mg/m3. Thus, it can be seen that as far as the maximum mass concentrations are concerned, they are 35.8%, 14.5% and 54.3% higher than they were in the days before the Spring Festival,and are higher 21.6%, 37.8% and 73.6% than they are in the days after the Spring Festival period. Thus, the fireworks firing has really brought about a serious problem to the heightening of concentrations of SO2, NO2 and PM10. In conclusion, the increase of the concentration of the PM10 in the suburban areas proves to be more remarkable, though less remarkable increase than in the downtown areas. Short-term contribution to the increase can greatly exceed the existing state pollution standard and cause serious air pollution in the low atmosphere. Therefore, fireworks burning should still be confined during the Spring Festival in the city.[著者文摘]
Key words:
environics; firecrackers; Xi＇an; PM10; SO2; NO2; at mosoheric environment
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（13050-240675011）;陕西省气象局重点科研项目（2006Z-2）
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