学术
添加玉米和水稻秸秆对淹水土壤pH、二氧化碳及交换态铵的影响
叶文培[1,4] 王凯荣[1,2] Johnson SE[3] 谢小立[1]
[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125 [2]青岛农业大学农业生态与环境健康研究所,山东青岛266109 [3]菲律宾国际水稻研究所,马尼拉DAPO7777 [4]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039
摘 要:
通过温室土壤培养试验，研究了不同添加量玉米和水稻秸秆对淹水土壤pH、CO2及交换态铵的影响．结果表明：在接近中性的土壤中加入秸秆可使土壤pH值降低，4g·kg^-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理的土壤pH值均与对照差异显著（P〈0．05），而1g·kg^-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理与对照差异不显著（P〉0．05）．土壤溶液中的CO2含量随秸秆添加量的增加而增大，1g·kg^-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理的土壤溶液CO2含量最大值分别为35．9％和31．9％（v／v），与对照（25．8％）差异达显著水平（P〈0．05），但两者间差异不显著（P〉0．05）；4g·kg^-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理的土壤溶液CO2含量最大值分别为54．2％和41．8％（v／v），与对照差异极显著（P〈0．01），两者间差异也达显著水平（P〈0．05）．在不施氮肥的情况下，添加秸秆可降低土壤铵态氮浓度，且铵态氮浓度随秸秆添加量的增加而降低，不同添加量处理间差异显著（P〈0．05）；在施入氮肥的情况下，1g·kg^-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理提高了土壤铵态氮浓度，而4g·kg^-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理降低了土壤铵态氮浓度．无论是否施入氮肥，玉米和水稻秸秆处理的土壤铵态氮浓度差异不显著（P〉0．05）．[著者文摘]
文章出处:
《应用生态学报》-2008年19卷2期 -345-350页
分 类 号:
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1001-9332（2008）02-0345-06
Effects of maize and rice straw amendment on the pH, CO2, and exchangeable NH4^＋ of submerged soil
YE Wen-pei, WANG Kai-rong, Johnson SE, XIE Xiao-li （ 1Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; 2Institute of Agricultural Ecology and Environmental Health, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 3International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, DAPO 7777, the Philippines; 4Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China ）
Abstract:
A greenhouse incubation test was conducted to study the effects of amendment with different amounts of maize and rice straws on the soil pH, CO2, and exchangeable NH4^＋ under continuous flooded condition. The results showed that in a near-neutral soil, straw amendment could decrease soil pH, with a significant difference （ P 〈 0. 05 ） between the treatments of 4 g straws · kg^-1 and control （CK）, but no significant difference （P 〉 0. 05 ） between the treatments of 1 g straws · kg^-1 and CK. The CO2 content in soil solution increased with increasing rate of straw amendment, with the peak value being 35.9% and 31.9% （v/v） in the treatments of 1 g maize straw · kg^-1 and 1 g rice straw · kg^-1, respectively. These two treatments had significantly higher CO2 contents （P 〈0. 05） than CK, but no obvious difference between themselves （P 〉0. 05）. In treatments 4 g maize straw · kg^-1 and 4 g rice straw · kg^-1, the peak value of CO2 content was 54. 2% and 41.8% （ v/v）, respectively, being significantly higher than that of CK （P 〈0. 01 ）, and significantly different between themselves （P 〈0. 05）. Under non-N fertilization, soil NH4^-N concentration decreased after straw amendment, and the increase of the amendment rate caused a further decrease of soil NH4 ＋ -N concentration, with a significant difference （P 〈 0. 05 ） between the doses of 1 and 4 g straw · kg^-1. Under N fertilization, soil NH4^-N concentration increased after 1 g straw · kg^-1 amendment, but observed between 〉0. 05）. maize straw and rice straw amendment · kg^-1. No significant differences were regardless with or without N fertilization （P〉0.05）.[著者文摘]
Key words:
maize straw; rice straw; soil pH; CO2 content; exchangeable NH4^ ＋
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目（KZCX2-YW-423,KZCX3-SW-441）和IRRI/BMZ/GTZ国际合作资助项目（GTZ/IRRI200227860-62001-00）.致谢 感谢菲律宾国际水稻研究所的Buresh博士、OlivynAngeles和JackJacob对实验设计和工作给予指导和帮助.
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