学术
畜禽粪便堆肥过程中各种氮化合物的动态变化及腐熟度评价指标
鲍艳宇[1] 周启星[1,3] 颜丽[2] 关连珠[2]
[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [2]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳110161 [3]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016
摘 要:
对不同畜禽粪便在堆肥过程中各种含氮化合物的动态交化进行了研究，结合综合性腐熟度评价指标——种子发芽指数（GI），探讨了畜禽粪便堆肥过程中与氮有关的腐熟度评价指标．结果表明：随着堆肥的进行，除奶牛粪外，其它畜禽粪便的全氮（TN）含量均呈先下降而后平稳交化趋势，奶牛粪则呈先增加而后平稳变化趋势；各种畜禽粪便中，碱解性氮（HN）含量先增后降；NH4^＋-N含量先下降而后保持平稳；NO3^--N含量则持续增加；NH4^＋N／NO3^--N迅速降低．堆肥腐熟度指标中，除综合性评价指标GI值外，HN／TN和NH4^＋-N／TN也可作为评价畜禽粪便腐熟程度的优选指标，而NO3^--N／TN只能作为一般性评价指标．根据综合性评价指标GI值达到腐熟要求的标准（GI〉0．50），除仔猪粪外，其它畜禽粪便在HN／TN〈20．77％、NH4^＋N／TN〈10．06％及NO3^--N／TN〉0．38％时基本达到腐熟要求．[著者文摘]
文章出处:
《应用生态学报》-2008年19卷2期 -374-380页
分 类 号:
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1001-9332（2008）02-0374-07
Dynamic changes of nitrogen forms in livestock manure during composting and relevant evaluation indices of compost maturity
BAO Yan-yu, ZHOU Qi-xing, YAN Li, GUAN Lian-zhu （ 1 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianfin 300071, China; 2College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China ; 3Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China ）
Abstract:
In this paper, the dynamic changes of nitrogen （N） forms in different livestock manures were investigated during composting, and the relevant N evaluation indices of compost maturity were approached. The results indicated that during composting, the total nitrogen （TN） concentration in dairy cattle manure increased first and became steady then, but in other five test manures, it decreased first and became steady then. For all test manures, their hydrolizable nitrogen （HN） decreased after an initial increase, NH4^＋ -N decreased first and became steady then, while NO3^ - -N had a persistent increase. Among the N indices of compost maturity, HN/TN and NH4^＋ -N/TN could be selected as the adaptable parameters to evaluate the maturity, while NO3^--N/TN could be only used as a universal one. According to the required standard of compost maturity based on the comprehensive index GI （seed germination index）, i. e. , GI 〉0. 50, it was suggested that for the livestock manures except young pig manure, the basic requirements of their compost maturity were HN/TN 〈20. 77%, NH4^ ＋-N/TN 〈10.06%, and NO3 ^--N/TN 〉0. 38%.[著者文摘]
Key words:
livestock manure ; composting; nitrogen form; compost maturity index.
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目（2004CB418503）和中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室基金资助项目.
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