Following the acquisition of Atlantis Press by Springer Nature, the back content is under migration. Please refer to the old journal homepage (https://www.atlantis-press.com/journals/hcis#volumes) for back volumes. Human-Centric Intelligent Systems is an international, peer-reviewed journal which is owned by Guangdong AiScholar Institute of Academic Exchange (GDAIAE) and operated by Editorial Office of GDAIAE Henan branch. Publishing services are provided by Springer Nature B.V. on behalf of GDAIAE which owns the copyright to the journal. Peer review is under the responsibility of GDAIAE. The journal is dedicated to disseminating the latest research findings on all theoretical and practical applications in human-centric intelligent systems, and to providing cutting-edge theoretical and algorithmic insights in human-centric computing and analytics. This is an open access journal, i.e. all articles are immediately and permanently free to read, download, copy & distribute. The journal is published under the CC BY 4.0 user license which defines the permitted 3rd-party reuse of its articles. Publication in this journal is free of charge for Authors. All open access publication fees are subsidized by Guangdong AiScholar Institute of Academic Exchange (GDAIAE). Note that this is a promotional offer which applies to all papers submitted before 31 December 2023. Publishing on theoretical and practical applications in human-centric intelligent systems Official journal of the Guangdong AiScholar Institute of Academic Exchange (GDAIAE) High visibility for your work with open access