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摘要： 目的:研究日本路边青的化学成分。方法:利用大孔树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱层析、聚酰胺柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、反相制备高效液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与核磁共振波谱学数据对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果:从日本路边青中分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为:6-C-β-D-葡萄糖-8-C-β-D-半乳糖芹菜素(1)、柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、柯伊利素(3)、金合欢素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、5-反式香豆酰基奎宁酸(5)、4,5-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸甲酯(6)、3,4-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸甲酯(7)、3,4-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸(8)、阿魏酸(9)、阿魏酸-对羟基苯乙醇酯(10)、对羟基桂皮酸(11)、豆甾-4-烯-3-酮(12)、豆甾-22-烯-3,6-二酮(13)、3β-羟基豆甾-5,22-二烯-7-酮(14)。结论:所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。
关键词: 日本路边青 ；化学成分
被引量
3
摘要： 目的研究日本路边青Geum japonicum全草的化学成分。方法以硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱等多种色谱方法分离，制备高效液相色谱，纯化得到单体化合物，以各种有机波谱鉴定化合物结构。结果分离得到14个化合物，鉴定为坡模酸（pomolic acid，Ⅰ）、1β，2α，19α—trihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oicacid（Ⅱ）、3β-O—trans—ferulyl-2α，19α—dihydroxy—urs—12-en-28-oic acid（Ⅲ）、2α-羟基乌苏酸（corosoli cacid，Ⅳ）、2α，3β，19α，23-四羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸（Ⅴ）、乌苏酸（ursoli cacid，Ⅵ）、2α-羟基齐墩果酸（maslinic acid，Ⅶ）、2α，19α—dihydroxy-3-oxo—12-ursen-28-oic acid（Ⅷ）、2α，3β，19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸（tormic acid，Ⅸ）、蔷薇酸（euscaphic acid，Ⅹ）、goreishic acid（Ⅺ）、swinhoeic acid（Ⅺ）、β-谷甾醇（psitosterol，ⅩⅢ）、胡萝卜苷（daucosterol，ⅩⅣ）。结论化合物Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅺ～ⅩⅣ为首次从日本路边青中分离得到。
关键词: 日本路边青 ；三萜羧酸 ；坡模酸
被引量
16
摘要： 日本路边青作为一种传统中药和日本民间用药,是蔷薇科路边青属(异名水杨梅属)植物日本路边青Geum japonicum Thunb.的全草,又名大根草、日本水杨梅,常作为利尿药和止血药使用。文献报道从日本路边青中分离得到的化合物主要有三萜及其苷类、鞣质等,现代药理研究表明日本路边青具有较强的抗HIV和抗HSV活性。
在进一步的化学成分研究中,以硅胶柱层析、凝胶层析等多种柱层析分离,制备高效液相色谱纯化,分别从石油醚、乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到24个化合物,通过有机波谱解析鉴定了其中15个化合物的化学结构,分别为18,19-seco,2α,3β-dihydroxy-19-oxo-urs-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid (1)、goreishic acid (2)、1β,2α,19α-trihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid (3)、2α,19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid (4)、3β-o-trans-ferulyl-2α,19α- dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (5)、蔷薇酸(6)、坡模酸(7)、2α-羟基乌苏酸(8)、乌苏酸(9)、2α-羟基齐墩果酸(10)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(11)、2α,3β,19α,23-四羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(12)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸(13 )、β-谷甾醇(14)、胡萝卜苷( 15)。其中化合物1-3、5、7、13-15为首次从日本路边青中分离得到。
关键词: 蔷薇科 ；日本路边青 ；三萜羧酸类
被引量
2
摘要： 竹叶花椒(Zanthoxylum armatum)作为一种具有高经济价值的药用植物,因其独特的药理活性和生态重要性而受到广泛关注。本文基于Web of Science数据库中的文献计量分析,回顾了自1983年至2024年竹叶花椒的研究进展与趋势。通过对相关文献的检索和筛选,最终确定了293篇高质量的学术论文作为分析对象。研究结果显示,竹叶花椒的研究经历了一个从初期的零星探索到近十年来的迅速增长过程,特别是在2016年之后,研究活动显著增加,每年的文献发表数量明显上升。研究主题广泛涵盖资源调查管理、化学成分与药理活性分析,以及在医学和化工领域的应用等多个方面。中国、印度和巴基斯坦是竹叶花椒研究的主要贡献国,尤其是中国,在该领域的研究尤为突出,四川农业大学等机构在论文数量和研究质量上均表现优异。通过对关键词的共现网络分析,我们识别出竹叶花椒研究的七个主要聚类,包括化学成分、药用价值、遗传多样性保护、基因组学、绿色合成技术、生产性能优化等。这些发现不仅揭示了竹叶花椒研究的现状,也为未来的研究方向提供了参考。此外,竹叶花椒的基因组学研究取得了重要进展,多个基因家族的功能分析揭示了其在生长发育中的作用。本文的研究为竹叶花椒的未来研究方向提供了参考,并揭示了其作为药用植物的巨大潜力。Zanthoxylum armatum, commonly known as prickly ash, is a medicinal plant of high economic value that has garnered widespread attention due to its unique pharmacological activity and ecological significance. This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis based on the Web of Science database, re-viewing the research progress and trends of Zanthoxylum armatum from 1983 to 2024. Through lit-erature retrieval and selection, we identified 293 high-quality academic papers for analysis. The re-sults indicate that research on Zanthoxylum armatum has evolved from sporadic early explorations to rapid growth in the past decade, especially since 2016, when research activities significantly in-creased and the annual publication volume rose dramatically. The research topics encompass re-source survey and management, chemical composition and pharmacological activity analysis, as well as applications in medicine and chemical engineering. China, India, and Pakistan are the primary contributing countries in this field, with China standing out, particularly with institutions like Sichuan Agricultural University excelling in both publication quantity and research quality. Through co-occurrence network analysis of keywords, we identified seven major clusters in Zanthoxylum armatum research, including chemical composition, medicinal value, genetic diversity conservation, genomics, green synthesis technology, and production performance optimization. These findings not only reveal the current state of Zanthoxylum armatum research but also provide insights for future research directions. Furthermore, significant progress has been made in its genomic studies, with functional analyses of multiple gene families elucidating their roles in growth and development. This study offers references for future research directions on Zanthoxylum armatum and highlights its immense potential as a medicinal plant.
关键词: 竹叶花椒 ；文献计量 ；Web of Science ；VOSviewer ；Biblioshiny
摘要： China's industries are growing rapidly,and with that,waste production is also increasing.Construction and demolition waste,industrial waste has become a significant concern,it is because of rapid urbanization,economic growth,the tremendous expansion of cities,rapid development from rural to an urban area,rising community living standards have speeded up the generation of construction and demolition waste considerably,due to which China is experiencing an unprecedented increase in construction and demolition waste in human history.This generated waste needs to be utilized or recycled in some form.Autoclaved aerated concrete is a type of lightweight concrete material that can be used as an alternating eco-friendly green building material that can be used for construction purposes.It is widely composed of raw materials such as cement,quicklime,sand,gypsum,and an aerating agent like aluminum powder.The paper briefly discusses the developing concerns over construction and demolition waste,and a way to utilize it in autoclaved aerated concrete. In the first part of this paper,different mix designs of non-autoclaved aerated concrete were done to understand the process and to know the effects of aluminum powder,with varying ratios of raw material.Different concentrations of construction and demolition waste were taken from5%to40%to study the effects on the concrete material.Compression strength tests were done after28days.All the samples were not autoclaved,and one type of waste was used.The results showed that the density of the material increased with a decrease in aluminum powder. In the second part of this paper,different mix designs of autoclaved aerated concrete were done with different types of waste to get the optimum strength sample.Concentrations of construction and demolition waste were taken from5%to15%,and chemical waste from3%to10%t Compression strength tests was done and compared with the previous results.All the samples were autoclaved,and two types of waste were used.The results showed that the sample made with15%construction and demolition waste,that was autoclaved at pressure1Mpa and temperature200℃showed better mechanical strength of1.9Mpa. In the third part,the experimental series was designed with the highest40%construction and demolition waste.The designed series was as follows,construction and demolition waste(5%,10%,15%....40%)and fly ash waste(35%,30%,25….0%),respectively,keeping the aerating agent at0.06%that is aluminum powder.The rest of the material composition was constant Cement28%,Quick Lime30%,Gypsum2%and water to raw material ratio are0.65.The compressive strength of the material was checked after autoclaving at200℃temperature and1Mpa Pressure for6hours.The results showed that the sample with20%construction and demolition waste and20%fly ash waste gave the best result.This study successfully designed the Autoclave Aerated Concrete material according to the Chinese National Standards GB and recycled the waste generated by various industries mainly from the construction sector.
关键词: 蒸压加气混凝土 ；建筑垃圾 ；粉煤灰 ；掺入量
摘要： This paper studied the deposit formation and metallogenic prediction of Hedong gold ore. Therefore, the first collected study area of geological material, including past research area regional tectonics, magmatic rocks the development conditions, etc; Then analyzes Hedong gold ore formation, structure, magmatic rocks and minerals composition, structure and structural, and expatiated wall-rock alteration and metallogenic physical and chemical conditions, the comprehensive on previous theory, this paper puts forward a explanation of the North China platform gold deposits distribution characteristics of gold metallogenic theoretical modes.
The geological geochemistry of Hedong Gold ore indicate:Hedong Gold ore is a type of gold mine which is stringer-filling and surfer-lacking, potassic alteration takes priority in its country rock alteration, accompanied with sericitization and silicification. Different structure zones also formed. Ore-forming materials from Jiaodong group of granite-green rock zone strata, but the mineralization is likely crust-derived rich alkali fluid extensive metasomatism function analysis.
Through to hedong gold deposits prospecting and metallogenic prediction research, summarizes the structure, lithology of ore-controlling rule, which could Provide the basis for the metallogenic prediction of Hedong Gold ore, and at the same time, it presents a new idea for the prospecting in the mine lot.
关键词: Hedong Gold Ore ；ore-controlling faults ；ductile shear belt ；regularity of ore formation ；metallogenic prediction
被引量
5
摘要： 水杨梅（Geum aleppicum Jacq.）为蔷薇科（Rosaceae）水杨梅属（Geum）多年生草本植物，主要分布于我国西南以及北方大部分区域。作为传统中药，民间以其全草或根入药，具有清热解毒、消肿止痛之功效。有学者对其同属植物如日本水杨梅（Geum japonicum）、柔毛水杨梅（Geum japonicum Thunb.var. chinense）、紫萼路边青（Geum rival）等进行了化学成分的研究。文献报道的从该属植物中分离到的化合物有鞣质、三萜、黄酮、挥发油等。生物活性研究表明，该属植物具有抗病毒、降血压、抑菌、抗癌等多种生物活性。为了进一步探明水杨梅的化学成分，扩大该植物的药用价值，本文对采自秦岭太白山的水杨梅化学成分及其生物活性进行了深入研究。
取干燥的水杨梅全株植物粉末9.65kg，室温下用95%乙醇浸提3次，经减压蒸馏浓缩得到乙醇粗提物浸膏。将粗浸膏悬浮于蒸馏水中，然后分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇依次萃取，得各相萃取物。通过硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析等色谱方法，从乙酸乙酯部分中分离出8个化合物，其结构经化学分析和波谱分析，鉴定为β-谷甾醇（Ⅰ）、熊果酸（Ⅱ）、山奈酚（Ⅲ）、槲皮素（Ⅳ）、山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅴ）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅵ）、胡萝卜苷（Ⅶ）和对羟基苯甲酸（Ⅷ）。其中化合物ⅡⅥ为首次从水杨梅这一植物中分离得到。
对化合物ⅠⅦ进行了抑菌活性实验。以青霉素钠和硫酸链霉素为阳性对照，测定了各个化合物对枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacilus subtilis）、金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）、大肠杆菌（Esherichia coli）、绿脓杆菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa）和乳链球菌（Streptococcus lactis）5种测试菌的最小抑菌浓度。实验结果表明：黄酮类化合物山奈酚的抑菌活性最好，对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌具有较好的活性，显示出其广谱的抗菌性；黄酮苷、三萜酸和甾体类化合物的抑菌活性则相对较差。
对化合物ⅢⅥ以及芹菜素、木犀草素、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷进行了抗氧化活性实验。以抗坏血酸和BHT为对照，测定了各个化合物对DPPH自由基的清除能力。实验结果表明：黄酮类化合物因结构不同而具有不同程度的抗氧化能力；从水杨梅中分离得到的黄酮醇类化合物具有良好的抗氧化性，可以作为天然的抗氧化剂植物原料开发利用。
关键词: 水杨梅 ；化学成分 ；抑菌活性 ；抗氧化活性
被引量
7
摘要： 蓝布正(贵州),又名追风七(陕西),是蔷薇科(Rosaceae)路边青属(Geum)植物柔毛路边青(Geum japonicum Thunb. var. chinense F. Bolle)的干燥全草。该属植物全世界约有70种,其中我国仅有路边青(G. aleppicum)、紫萼路边青(G. rivale)、日本路边青(G. japonicum)和柔毛路边青(G. japonicum Thunb. var. chinense F. Bolle)4种。蓝布正生长于山坡草地、沟边、底边、河滩、林间隙地及林缘。海拔200-3500米。民间多作为利尿剂和收敛剂使用。
截至目前文献报道中从蓝布正中分离得到了一些乌苏烷型三萜类、甾体类以及鞣质类化合物。蓝布正曾收载于1977年版《中国药典》,但仅对其进行了性状描述,鉴别方法缺乏专一性,无显微鉴别和含量测定方法。因此,从基础研究和应用研究的角度来看,都有必要对蓝布正进行系统的质量控制标准的制定、化学成分研究,从而更好的对蓝布正进行开发利用。
本课题以2007年7月采自贵州花溪高坡乡的蓝布正为研究对象,对其各部分运用各种分离纯化技术进行系统的化学成分分离,从中得到33个化合物,并且采用现代波谱技术(ESI-MS, HRESI-MS, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT和2D-NMR等)对这些化合物进行了结构鉴定。鉴定结果如下: *GC-1: 20?,28-epoxy-28-hydroxytaraxasteran-3?-ol GC-2: ?-谷甾醇GC-3:胡萝卜苷GC-4: ?-生育醌GC-5: 3'-O-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxo ellagic acidGC-6: 3,3'-二甲基鞣花酸GC-7:罗布麻宁GC-8:黑麦草内酯GC-9: 7-差向黑麦草内酯GC-10:对羟基桂皮酸GC-11:没食子酸乙酯GC-12: megastigman-7-ene-3,5,6,9-tetrol GC-13:熊果酸GC-14: 1?,2?,19?-三羟基-3-羰基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸GC-15: 3-O-trans-p-coumaroyltormentic acid GC-16:委陵菜酸GC-17: 2?,3?,19?,23-tetrahydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic-acid GC-18: 28-?-D-glucoside-2?, 3?, 19?-trihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid *GC-19: (7R,8R)-4-hydroxy-9'-O-(?-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-3,3',5'- trimethoxy-8-O-4'- neolignan *GC-20: (7R,8S)-4-hydroxy-9'-O-(?-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-3,3',5'- trimethoxy-8-O-4'- neolignan GC-21:仙鹤草内酯-6-O-?-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷GC-22:山奈酚香豆酰基葡萄吡喃糖甙GC-23:没食子酸GC-24: kaempferol 3-O-(6''-O-Z-p-coumaroyl)-?-D-glucopyranoside GC-25:紫云英苷GC-26:槲皮素GC-27:鞣花酸GC-28: 3'-O-methyl-3,4-O,O-metheneellagic acid-4'-O-?-D- glucopynanoside GC-29: 3,3'-二甲基鞣花酸-4'-O-?-D-葡萄糖苷
GC-30: nigaichigoside F1 GC-31: cupressoside A GC-32: (7R,8S)-3-methoxy-3',7-epoxy-8,4'-oxyneoligna-4,9,9'-triol-9'- O-?-L-rhamnopyranoside *GC-33: (7S,8S)-5-methoxycupressoside A
分离得到的33个化合物中,包括三萜及甾体类10个,木脂素类5个,没食子酸及鞣花酸衍生物7个,黄酮类4个,其他类7个,其中1个新的三萜类化合物GC-1,3个新的木脂素类化合物GC-19、GC-20、GC-33。上述4个新化合物及另外2个木脂素类化合物GC-31、GC-32均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。
为了对蓝布正进行质量控制研究,我们收集了贵州、云南和四川等地十个不同产地的样品,经对照《中国植物志》的性状描述进行鉴定,所采样品包括了药材的两个植物来源路边青和柔毛路边青。我们对药材的性状、显微鉴别、TLC鉴别、水分、灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物和以没食子酸为指标的含量测定项目进行了增补。
此外,对所有化合物进行了对RAW264.7巨噬细胞NO代谢影响的抗炎活性研究,实验显示只有少量适度活性被检测到。
关键词: 蓝布正 ；化学成分 ；质量控制 ；抗炎活性
被引量
10
【期刊论文】 • Liao, J.D.
摘要： This study approaches to predict factors leading to failure of hip joint prosthesis. In particular, wear-associated debris probably provokes bone tissue resorption and relative diversity in mechanical properties at the articulating surfaces, which also cause different degrees of wear. This work assumes an accelerated condition for a cup-on-ball simulator, tried to interpret the occurrence of wear debris generation and collected the released species. Wear species are characterized by estimating the released sequences, morphologies and by doing qualitative and quantitative analyses. Experimental results were also compared with tissue-detached particles obtained from peri-prosthesis. Scanning Electron Microscope, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer and Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis were used for identifying the tissue-detached particles, filtered samples and circulated liquid, at 300K, 600K, 1.0 M and 1.3 M testing cycles, respectively. Analytical results revealed that morphologies and concentrations of wear debris varied with testing cycles, which generated in sequence: initial agglomerates, e.g. carbonates from scissioned polyethylene in spherical foam, and then delaminated to plate-like debris. The composition likely includes: metallic oxides, carbonates and mixed compounds. Accumulation of released mass increased with the testing cycles, they showed an upward relationship, probably due to gradual delamination at the load-bearing acetabular cup. The tissue-detached particles exhibited as green-in-white and purple-in-black colors with the dimensions of ca. 1 squarem in length. The compositions were comprised of main elements from two types of the prosthetic components. The black-like particles were identified as titanium oxide-rich species. Although generations of wear species were different in running mechanics, agglomeration of micron-scale species into particles was observed. This work may provide practical data, as a reference for further osteolysis study as well as loosening evolution occurred at the articulating surfaces.
关键词: Agglomeration ；Morphology ；Tissues-detached particles ；Wear debris
摘要： Under the influence of meteoric Water and other factors like glaciers，wind and vegetation, continents are continuously subjected to erosion．Rainwater and surface water interact with minerals of the Earth's surface，resulting in the dissolution of primary minerals and the production of secondary clays and iron or aluminum-oxides that accumulate in soils．Erosion is not only important at a geological time scale，responsible for the landscape evolution but also a key procession the soil formation and stability．Therefore，erosion has important consequences for agriculture and human sustainable development．<br> The study of me dissolved load of rivers provides information on chemical erosion processes(Gaillardet et a1.,1999b；Dalai et a1.,2002；Wu et a1.,2005 and references therein),in particular on velocity of soil formation．The study of sediments(in suspension or at the river bed) is important for understanding the physical processes, in particular the rate of soil erosion(natural or not)．Based on chemical mass balances between the solid phase and the dissolved load of rivers(Craillardet et a1.,1999a；Dosseto et a1.,2008 and references therein),geo-scientists are able to deduce fundamental information about the Earth's surfaces dynamics．For example, chemical weathering of silicates is the dominant long-term sink for atmospheric C02 and thus the dominant regulator of the green-house effect over geological time-scales(Berner et ai.,1983；Raymo et a1.,1988；Godderis and Francois,1995；Godderis et a1.,2003；Dessert et a1.,2003)．Hence，quantifying chemical weathering rates is essential for understanding Earth's long-term climatic evolution.<br> The Changeling basin is particularly well suited for qimtifying erosion processes because it is One of the world largest rivers and averages erosion processes over a huge surface of the Earth(1.81×106km2，19％ of China)．The Upper Changjiang drains the Tibetan Plateau, and provides abettor understanding of the way and rate at which the erosion of the Tibetan plateau Irroeeeds．Units lower part, the Changjiang drains one of the most populated areas of the world and is affectedly the Three Gorges Dam（TGD),the biggest dam in the world．The Changijiang integrates anthropogenic pollution over a large surface area．Better knowledge of its chemical composition and solid transport is critical to understanding how human activities have changed the river chemistry and soil erosion．The Earth is experiencing a unique global climatic change due to the anthropogenic inputs to the atmosphere of greenhouse gases and sources of acidity．Large rivers will clearly respond and change accordingly and therefore，changes to the Changjiang basin should be documented extensively．The aim of this project was to decipher the different sources of solutes controlling the chemical composition of the dissolved load of the rivers draining the Changjiang basin and to investigate parameters controlling the chemical weathering at the Changjiang watershed scale.<br> In addition to C02(atmospheric and mainly produced in soil),other sources of acidity contributes to the dissolution of rocks, hence, we will pay particular attention to other sources of prototonsinvolved in chemical weathering reactions，especially the role of anaphoric acid in the enhancement of the weathering rates．Several studies have shown the importance of sculpture acid derived from the oxidation of pyrite at a regional scale, such as Han and Liu(2004), Up and Liu(2007) for Southwestern China and at a larger scale, such as Galy and France-Lanord (1999) for the Ganges-Brahmaputra basin, Spenee and Telmer (2005) for the Canadian Cordillera and Calmels et al.(2007) for the Mackenzie basin．In addition, sculpture envisions to the atmosphere and acidification of rain may also play a significam role in the increase of weathering rates. This reveals to be a major issue in China，despite efforts of the authorities to reduce the atrnosphcricemissions of S02．This work will allow us to ultimately estimate the CO2 consumption by rock weathering for the changjiang basin．<br> Another important issue we tackled in this study is the impact of human activities on the solute concentrations of the changjiang basin rivers．Although the anthropogenic contribution to the chemical composition of the dissolved load of the Changjiang basin rivers has been demon on started in previous studies(Chen et a1.,2002 and Qin et a1.,2006)，its was not previously assessed. At last, we have analyzed the isotopic compositions of dissolved boron and tried to estimate the contribution of B derived from silicate weathering．It has been demonstrated that boron isotopes are fractionated during adsorption onto clays(Palmer et al.,1987; Spivack et al.,1987)，humicacids(Lemarchand et al.,2005; Tassel, 2006) and Fe/Mn oxides(Lemarchand et al.,2007)and that the isotopic fractionation factor was pH dependant．These experimental results highlight the potential use of boron isotopes in studies related to chemical weathering but up to now,
关键词: 河水地球化学 ；流域化学风化 ；同位素 ；长江流域 ；人为活动影响